VanCityPhysio’s physiotherapists may use several different terms to describe tendon injuries. These terms are often confused and used interchangeably, however, each term has its own unique meaning. With regard to chronic tendon injuries, the 3 most common terms that you’re likely to hear are:
- Tendinitis. Tendinitis occurs when a tendon is irritated and/or inflamed. This inflammation usually occurs due to small (micro) tears in the tendon. 1
- Tendinosis. Tendinosis is the chronic non-inflammatory degeneration of a tendon. Tendinosis may develop as a result of chronic tendonitis or due to repetitive strain-injuries to a tendon without adequate time to heal.
- Tendinopathy. Tendinopathy is often used to describe any problem with a tendon. These problems include tendinitis and tendinosis, as well as tendon tears and inflammation of membranes around a tendon.
When a tendon becomes painful, it is often assumed to be tendinitis. However, research suggests tendinitis is less common than tendinosis, and tendinosis is often misdiagnosed as tendinitis. Pain from either condition is considered to be the result of nerve transmission and other chemical irritants in a tendon, and not from inflammation.
Commonly Injured Tendons
The most commonly injured tendons are the shoulder’s rotator cuff tendons, which affect over 1% of the population. 3 Other tendon areas prone to injury include the Achilles (leg), patellar (knee), elbow, and wrist.
To understand your tendinopathy, you may need to differentiate between the two most commonly confused terms – tendinitis and tendinosis.
Tendonitis vs. Tendinosis
Both tendinitis and tendinosis can result from overuse injury, causing delayed symptoms. Tendinitis may also result from an acute, sudden force on a tendon, in which case the pain and symptoms occur suddenly. Symptoms such as pain, swelling, stiffness, and reduced strength in the affected tendon are seen in both tendinitis and tendinosis. A few differentiating factors between tendinitis and tendinosis are described below
|
COMPARISON FACTOR |
TENDINITIS |
TENDINOSIS |
|
Recovery time in acute cases |
2 to 3 days |
2 to 3 months |
|
Recovery time in chronic cases |
4 to 6 weeks |
3 to 6 months |
|
Long-term outlook with non-surgical treatment |
Almost 99% of cases recover completely |
Up to 80% of cases recover completely |
|
Treatment goals |
Decrease inflammation by: Rest, anti-inflammatory medication (short-term course), icing the tendon intermittently, and/or use of cast or splint |
Encourage formation of collagen and other proteins by: Physical therapy, exercise, and/or surgery (in some cases) |
|
Long-term outlook after surgery |
Almost 95% of cases recover after surgery |
70 to 85% of cases recover after surgery |
|
Recovery time after surgery |
3 to 4 weeks |
4 to 6 months |
Almost all tendon injuries can be diagnosed by a medical professional with the help of a physical examination and medical imaging techniques. Ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are particularly useful in viewing characteristic tendon changes in tendinopathy. VanCityPhysio treatments include manual therapy, modalities, shockwave treatment (works magic!), exercise, education, and most importantly, research-based advice that will help you recover from your injury.
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